David Graeber

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About David Graeber
David Rolfe Graeber (/ˈɡreɪbər/; born 12 February 1961) is a London-based anthropologist and anarchist activist, perhaps best known for his 2011 volume Debt: The First 5000 Years. He is Professor of Anthropology at the London School of Economics.
As an assistant professor and associate professor of anthropology at Yale from 1998–2007 he specialised in theories of value and social theory. The university's decision not to rehire him when he would otherwise have become eligible for tenure sparked an academic controversy, and a petition with more than 4,500 signatures. He went on to become, from 2007–13, Reader in Social Anthropology at Goldsmiths, University of London.
His activism includes protests against the 3rd Summit of the Americas in Quebec City in 2001, and the 2002 World Economic Forum in New York City. Graeber was a leading figure in the Occupy Wall Street movement, and is sometimes credited with having coined the slogan, "We are the 99 percent".
Bio from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Photo by David Graeber Edited by czar [CC BY-SA 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0)], via Wikimedia Commons.
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Titles By David Graeber
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A dramatically new understanding of human history, challenging our most fundamental assumptions about social evolution—from the development of agriculture and cities to the origins of the state, democracy, and inequality—and revealing new possibilities for human emancipation.
For generations, our remote ancestors have been cast as primitive and childlike—either free and equal innocents, or thuggish and warlike. Civilization, we are told, could be achieved only by sacrificing those original freedoms or, alternatively, by taming our baser instincts. David Graeber and David Wengrow show how such theories first emerged in the eighteenth century as a conservative reaction to powerful critiques of European society posed by Indigenous observers and intellectuals. Revisiting this encounter has startling implications for how we make sense of human history today, including the origins of farming, property, cities, democracy, slavery, and civilization itself.
Drawing on pathbreaking research in archaeology and anthropology, the authors show how history becomes a far more interesting place once we learn to throw off our conceptual shackles and perceive what’s really there. If humans did not spend 95 percent of their evolutionary past in tiny bands of hunter-gatherers, what were they doing all that time? If agriculture, and cities, did not mean a plunge into hierarchy and domination, then what kinds of social and economic organization did they lead to? The answers are often unexpected, and suggest that the course of human history may be less set in stone, and more full of playful, hopeful possibilities, than we tend to assume.
The Dawn of Everything fundamentally transforms our understanding of the human past and offers a path toward imagining new forms of freedom, new ways of organizing society. This is a monumental book of formidable intellectual range, animated by curiosity, moral vision, and a faith in the power of direct action.
Includes Black-and-White Illustrations
Does your job make a meaningful contribution to the world? In the spring of 2013, David Graeber asked this question in a playful, provocative essay titled “On the Phenomenon of Bullshit Jobs.” It went viral. After one million online views in seventeen different languages, people all over the world are still debating the answer.
There are hordes of people—HR consultants, communication coordinators, telemarketing researchers, corporate lawyers—whose jobs are useless, and, tragically, they know it. These people are caught in bullshit jobs.
Graeber explores one of society’s most vexing and deeply felt concerns, indicting among other villains a particular strain of finance capitalism that betrays ideals shared by thinkers ranging from Keynes to Lincoln. “Clever and charismatic” (The New Yorker), Bullshit Jobs gives individuals, corporations, and societies permission to undergo a shift in values, placing creative and caring work at the center of our culture. This book is for everyone who wants to turn their vocation back into an avocation and “a thought-provoking examination of our working lives” (Financial Times).
Here anthropologist David Graeber presents a stunning reversal of conventional wisdom: he shows that before there was money, there was debt. For more than 5,000 years, since the beginnings of the first agrarian empires, humans have used elaborate credit systems to buy and sell goods—that is, long before the invention of coins or cash. It is in this era, Graeber argues, that we also first encounter a society divided into debtors and creditors.
Graeber shows that arguments about debt and debt forgiveness have been at the center of political debates from Italy to China, as well as sparking innumerable insurrections. He also brilliantly demonstrates that the language of the ancient works of law and religion (words like “guilt,” “sin,” and “redemption”) derive in large part from ancient debates about debt, and shape even our most basic ideas of right and wrong. We are still fighting these battles today without knowing it.
Where does the desire for endless rules, regulations, and bureaucracy come from? How did we come to spend so much of our time filling out forms? And is it really a cipher for state violence?
To answer these questions, the anthropologist David Graeber—one of our most important and provocative thinkers—traces the peculiar and unexpected ways we relate to bureaucracy today, and reveals how it shapes our lives in ways we may not even notice…though he also suggests that there may be something perversely appealing—even romantic—about bureaucracy.
Leaping from the ascendance of right-wing economics to the hidden meanings behind Sherlock Holmes and Batman, The Utopia of Rules is at once a powerful work of social theory in the tradition of Foucault and Marx, and an entertaining reckoning with popular culture that calls to mind Slavoj Zizek at his most accessible.
An essential book for our times, The Utopia of Rules is sure to start a million conversations about the institutions that rule over us—and the better, freer world we should, perhaps, begin to imagine for ourselves.
El nuevo esclavismo. Pasarse la vida trabajando en algo totalmente innecesario. Un trabajo de mierda.
¿Su trabajo tiene algún sentido para la sociedad? En la primavera de 2013, David Graeber hizo esta pregunta en un ensayo lúdico y provocativo titulado «Sobre el fenómeno de los trabajos de mierda». El artículo se volvió viral. Después de un millón de visitas en línea en diecisiete idiomas diferentes, la gente sigue debatiendo la respuesta.
Hay millones de personas: consultores de recursos humanos, coordinadores de comunicación, investigadores de telemarketing, abogados corporativos…, cuyos trabajos son inútiles, y ellos lo saben. Estas personas están atrapadas en unos trabajos de mierda. Olvide a Piketty o Marx; es Graeber, uno de los antropólogos y activistas más influyentes del momento, quien dice alto y claro que muchas de las tareas que se realizan en una economía de esclavos asalariados son una forma de empleo tan carente de sentido, tan innecesaria o tan perniciosa que ni siquiera el propio trabajador es capaz de justificar su existencia, y pese a ello se siente obligado a fingir que no es así.
La crítica social que persigue el libro es sólida y aguda, especialmente cuando introduce categorías tan refinadas como los «trabajos chapuza», que realizan determinados empleados para, por ejemplo, mantener en funcionamiento máquinas viejas y ahorrarle a la empresa la compra de nueva maquinaria. No deja de tener su lógica, ya que, como dijo Orwell, «una población que está ocupada trabajando, aunque sea en tareas totalmente inútiles, no tiene tiempo para hacer mucho más». De ahí que, como concluye Graeber, lo que tengamos sea una mierda permanente.
Reflecting on issues such as temporality, alterity, and utopia—not to mention the divine, the strange, the numinous, and the bestial—Graeber and Sahlins explore the role of kings as they have existed around the world, from the BaKongo to the Aztec to the Shilluk and beyond. Richly delivered with the wit and sharp analysis characteristic of Graeber and Sahlins, this book opens up new avenues for the anthropological study of this fascinating and ubiquitous political figure.
Democracy has been the American religion since before the Revolution—from New England town halls to the multicultural democracy of Atlantic pirate ships. But can our current political system, one that seems responsive only to the wealthiest among us and leaves most Americans feeling disengaged, voiceless, and disenfranchised, really be called democratic? And if the tools of our democracy are not working to solve the rising crises we face, how can we—average citizens—make change happen?
David Graeber, one of the most influential scholars and activists of his generation, takes readers on a journey through the idea of democracy, provocatively reorienting our understanding of pivotal historical moments, and extracts their lessons for today—from the birth of Athenian democracy and the founding of the United States of America to the global revolutions of the twentieth century and the rise of a new generation of activists. Underlying it all is a bracing argument that in the face of increasingly concentrated wealth and power in this country, a reenergized, reconceived democracy—one based on consensus, equality, and broad participation—can yet provide us with the just, free, and fair society we want.
The Democracy Project tells the story of the resilience of the democratic spirit and the adaptability of the democratic idea. It offers a fresh take on vital history and an impassioned argument that radical democracy is, more than ever, our best hope.
Todo libro de economía hace la misma aseveración: el dinero se inventó para dar solución a la complejidad creciente de los sistemas de trueque. Esta versión de la historia tiene un grave problema: no hay evidencia alguna que la sustente.
Graeber expone una historia alternativa a la aparición del dinero y los mercados, y analiza cómo la deuda ha pasado de ser una obligación económica a una obligación moral. Desde el inicio de los primeros imperios agrarios, los humanos han usado elaborados sistemas de crédito para vender y comprar bienes, antes incluso de la invención de la moneda. Es hoy, transcurridos cinco mil años, cuando por primera vez nos encontramos ante una sociedad dividida entre deudores y acreedores, con instituciones erigidas con la voluntad única de proteger a los prestamistas.
En deuda es una crónica fascinante y pertinente que desmonta ideas encastradas en nuestra consciencia colectiva y nos muestra la actitud ambivalente que existe ante la deuda, como motor del crecimiento económico o como herramienta de opresión.
Para responder a estas preguntas, David Graeber, uno de los pensadores más provocadores e influyentes del momento, pone el foco sobre las distintas formas en que la burocracia se inmiscuye en nuestro día a día y revela hasta qué punto llega a determinar nuestras vidas. Un interminable y abominable papeleo que anula la creatividad y consume gran parte del tiempo.
El avance tecnológico, la gran promesa del capitalismo, se ha descubierto como otro mecanismo más de control, mucho más poderoso, al que sin embargo nos hemos doblegado sin oponer resistencia, seducidos por sus encantos.
Navegando desde el influjo de la economía liberal de la segunda mitad del siglo xx hasta el significado oculto tras personajes como James Bond, Sherlock Holmes o Batman, este libro es un notable trabajo de teoría social en la tradición de autores como Foucault, Marcuse o el mismo Marx, si bien la presencia en su análisis de la cultura popular y su accesibilidad lo acercan también a las obras de Zizek.
Un libro imprescindible para los tiempos que vivimos, que nos arma de argumentos en el debate presente sobre el cambio de modelo y que nos señala el camino hacia un mundo mejor y más justo.
Debt is one of the great subjects of our day, and understanding the way that it not only fuels economic growth, but can also be used as a means of generating profit and exerting control, is central to grasping the way in which our society really works.
David Graeber's contribution to this debate is to apply his anthropologists' training to the understanding of a phenomenon often considered purely from an economic point of view. In this respect, the book can be considered a fine example of the critical thinking skill of problem-solving. Graeber's main aim is to undermine the dominant narrative, which sees debt as the natural – and broadly healthy – outcome of the development of a modern economic system. He marshals evidence that supports alternative possibilities, and suggests that the phenomenon of debt emerged not as a result of the introduction of money, but at precisely the same time.
This in turn allows Graeber to argue against the prevailing notion that economy and state are fundamentally separate entities. Rather, he says, "the two were born together and have always been intertwined" – with debt being a means of enforcing elite and state power. For Graeber, this evaluation of the evidence points to a strong potential solution: there should be more readiness to write off debt, and more public involvement in the debate over debt and its moral implications.
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