Mariana Mazzucato

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About Mariana Mazzucato
Mariana Mazzucato (PhD) is Professor in the Economics of Innovation and Public Value at University College London (UCL), where she is Founding Director of the UCL Institute for Innovation & Public Purpose (IIPP).
She received her BA from Tufts University and her MA and PhD from the Graduate Faculty of the New School for Social Research. Her previous posts include the RM Phillips Professorial Chair at the Science Policy Research Unit (SPRU) at Sussex University. She is a selected fellow of the UK’s Academy of Social Sciences (FAcSS) and of the Italian National Science Academy (Lincei).
She is winner of international prizes including the 2020 John Von Neumann Award, the 2019 All European Academies Madame de Staël Prize for Cultural Values, and the 2018 Leontief Prize for Advancing the Frontiers of Economic Thought. She was named as one of the '3 most important thinkers about innovation' by the New Republic, one of the 50 most creative people in business in 2020 by Fast Company, and one of the 25 leaders shaping the future of capitalism by Wired.
Her highly-acclaimed book The Entrepreneurial State: debunking public vs. private sector myths (2013) investigates the critical role the state plays in driving growth—and her book The Value of Everything: making and taking in the global economy (2018) looks at how value creation needs to be rewarded over value extraction.
She advises policy makers around the world on innovation-led inclusive and sustainable growth. Her current roles include being a member of the Scottish Government’s Council of Economic Advisors; the South African President’s Economic Advisory Council; the OECD Secretary General’s Advisory Group on a New Growth Narrative; the UN’s Committee for Development Policy (CDP), Vinnova’s Advisory Panel in Sweden, and Norway’s Research Council.
She is a Special Economic Advisor for the Italian Prime Minister (2020), and through her role as Special Advisor for the EC Commissioner for Research, Science and Innovation (2017-2019), she authored the high impact report on Mission-Oriented Research & Innovation in the European Union, turning “missions” into a crucial new instrument in the European Commission’s Horizon innovation programme.
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Titles By Mariana Mazzucato
¿En qué mundo queremos vivir?
Mariana Mazzucato, la economista del momento, prende la mecha de un debate necesario.
«Mucho ojo con Mazzucato, la economista más temible del mundo.»
Helen Rumbelow, The Times
¿Quién crea realmente la riqueza? ¿Qué actividades la impulsan? ¿Cuáles se limitan a extraerla? ¿Cuáles la destruyen? Nuestras economías tienden a premiar la extracción de valor antes que su creación -el proceso productivo que verdaderamente impulsa una economía y una sociedad saludables-, y la diferencia entre ambos conceptos se ha desdibujado de manera notable.
A partir de ejemplos que van desde Silicon Valley hasta el sector financiero pasando por las grandes farmacéuticas, Mariana Mazzucato muestra de manera magistral cómo las nociones borrosas quetenemos del valor han permitido a ciertos actores de la economía retratarse a sí mismos como generadores de valor, mientras que en realidad se limitan a mover el existente o, lo que es peor, a destruirlo.
Tendemos a perder de vista la auténtica naturaleza del valor y por qué es importante, cuestiones que en el pasado estuvieron en el centro del pensamiento económico y que, sencillamente, ya no se discuten. Si queremos reemplazar el actual sistema parasitario por otro sostenible que funcione para todos, es urgente y necesario repensar el origen de la riqueza y responder las preguntas clave de Mazzucato, que nos llevan al verdadero gran interrogante: ¿en qué mundo queremos vivir?
La crítica ha dicho:
«Mazzucato nos obliga a cuestionar creencias arraigadas sobre cómo funcionan las economías y quién se beneficia en realidad. Este libro agrega valor en sí mismo.»
Martin Wolf, Financial Times
«Uno de los libros de economía más incisivos de los últimos tiempos.»
Jeffrey Madrick, The New York Review of Books
«Las ideas de Mazzucato son combustible para un debate creciente sobre qué parte de la riqueza del país debería estar a manos del sector privado.»
Rana Foroohar, Time
«Rápidamente Mazzucato se está situando entre los intelectuales públicos más importantes del mundo. Le ha ofrecido a la izquierda una visión positiva del crecimiento basada en la innovación y la participación en los beneficios.»
The Spectator
«Un libro oportuno sobre conceptos cruciales que se han esfumado del discurso dominante. Una denuncia de cómo los extractores de valor y los buscadores de renta se han disfrazado de creadores de valor en la economía global.»
Fran Boait, Prospect
«Alguien debería hacer un musical de este libro. Eso es bastante improbable, lo reconozco, pero no tanto como parece. En 1893, el teatro Savoy organizó la penúltima opereta de Gilbert y Sullivan, Utopia, Limited. Es hora de volver a trabajar en la idea y Mariana Mazzucato es candidata para escribir el libreto.
¿Y si aplicáramos a nuestros problemas actuales el espíritu, la audacia y los medios que nos llevaron a la Luna?
Una crítica contundente y muy necesaria del capitalismo moderno en la que la galardonada economista internacional sostiene que, para resolver las crisis a las que nos enfrentamos, debemos ser innovadores.
Llegar a la Luna fue un extraordinario logro que requirió nuevas formas de colaboración entre los sectores público y privado, un altísimo nivel de compromiso y coordinación y la aceptación de riesgos y gastos muy elevados para alcanzar una meta a largo plazo. Inspirándose en las misiones del programa lunar, Mazzucato propone que se aplique ese mismo nivel de innovación a una serie de objetivos sociales, económicos y políticos clave con el fin de salir de nuestro estancamiento rumbo a un futuro más optimista.
El capitalismo lleva tiempo paralizado y no ofrece respuestas a nuestros mayores problemas, como las epidemias, la desigualdad y la crisis ambiental. Se impone la necesidad de repensar el papel de los Estados en la economía y la sociedad, de orientar los presupuestos al largo plazo y de recuperar el sentido del interés público.
Misión economía, cuyas ideas ya se están adoptando en todo el mundo, propone fijarse unos objetivos inspiradores e ilusionantes, entre los que se incluyen una prosperidad ampliamente compartida, unos servicios públicos de calidad para todos y una solución a la crisis climática. Según Mazzucato, los Estados pueden afrontar grandes desafíos y misiones ambiciosas, y su visión ofrece una salida a nuestro inmovilismo hacia un futuro más optimista.
La crítica ha dicho...
«Su propuesta es tan amplia como poco habitual: un nuevo relato convincente sobre cómo crear un futuro deseable.»
The New York Times
«Su defensa de un nuevo enfoque es abrumadora. Nos contagia con el tipo devisión, ambición e imaginación que tan desesperadamente necesitamos hoy.»
The Guardian
«Una visión oportuna y optimista. Aunque presenta sus argumentos de manera tan clara que pueden parecer obvios, lo cierto es que son revolucionarios.»
Nature
«Mazzucato sostiene que las sociedades deben abjurar de ideologías agotadas y adoptar el enfoque político que llevó a los astronautas en la Luna. Convincente y fascinante.»
The Economist
«Mazzucato critica la pobreza de la idea de que el único papel del gobierno es corregir las "fallas del mercado". Aboga por un sector público capaz de adaptarse a circunstancias cambiantes y nuevos desafíos.»
Prospect
«Mazzucato propone rediseñar el capitalismo a favor de las partes interesadas más que de los accionistas.»
The Times
«Desde 1969 nos preguntamos cómo los humanos pudieron llegar a la Luna y no logran resolver los problemas apremiantes aquí en la Tierra. Mariana Mazzucato ofrece la respuesta.»
Financial Times
«Una de las más ágiles pensadoras post-Brexit.
Longlisted for the 2021 Porchlight Business Book Awards, Big Ideas & New Perspectives
“She offers something both broad and scarce: a compelling new story about how to create a desirable future.”—New York Times
An award-winning author and leading international economist delivers a hard-hitting and much needed critique of modern capitalism in which she argues that, to solve the massive crises facing us, we must be innovative—we must use collaborative, mission-oriented thinking while also bringing a stakeholder view of public private partnerships which means not only taking risks together but also sharing the rewards.
Capitalism is in crisis. The rich have gotten richer—the 1 percent, those with more than $1 million, own 44 percent of the world's wealth—while climate change is transforming—and in some cases wiping out—life on the planet. We are plagued by crises threatening our lives, and this situation is unsustainable. But how do we fix these problems decades in the making?
Mission Economy looks at the grand challenges facing us in a radically new way. Global warming, pollution, dementia, obesity, gun violence, mobility—these environmental, health, and social dilemmas are huge, complex, and have no simple solutions. Mariana Mazzucato argues we need to think bigger and mobilize our resources in a way that is as bold as inspirational as the moon landing—this time to the most ‘wicked’ social problems of our time.. We can only begin to find answers if we fundamentally restructure capitalism to make it inclusive, sustainable, and driven by innovation that tackles concrete problems from the digital divide, to health pandemics, to our polluted cities. That means changing government tools and culture, creating new markers of corporate governance, and ensuring that corporations, society, and the government coalesce to share a common goal.
We did it to go to the moon. We can do it again to fix our problems and improve the lives of every one of us. We simply can no longer afford not to.
Shortlisted for the FT & McKinsey Business Book of the Year Award
A scathing indictment of our current global financial system, The Value of Everything rigorously scrutinizes the way in which economic value has been accounted and reveals how economic theory has failed to clearly delineate the difference between value creation and value extraction. Mariana Mazzucato argues that the increasingly blurry distinction between the two categories has allowed certain actors in the economy to portray themselves as value creators, while in reality they are just moving around existing value or, even worse, destroying it.
The book uses case studies-from Silicon Valley to the financial sector to big pharma-to show how the foggy notions of value create confusion between rents and profits, reward extractors and creators, and distort the measurements of growth and GDP. In the process, innovation suffers and inequality rises.
The lesson here is urgent and sobering: to rescue our economy from the next inevitable crisis and to foster long-term economic growth, we will need to rethink capitalism, rethink the role of public policy and the importance of the public sector, and redefine how we measure value in our society.
In this sharp and controversial international bestseller, an award-winning economist debunks the pervasive myth that the government is sluggish and inept, and at odds with a dynamic private sector. She reveals in detailed case studies that the opposite is true: the state is, and has been, our boldest and most valuable innovator. Denying this history is leading us down the wrong path. A select few get credit for what is an intensely collective effort, and the US government has started disinvesting from innovation. The repercussions could stunt economic growth and increase inequality. Mazzucato teaches us how to reverse this trend before it is too late.
Known around the world for challenging mainstream economics, economist Mariana Mazzucato believes that “the public sector can and should be a co-creator of wealth that actively steers growth to meet its goals” (The Financial Times). In The Mission-Driven Economy, she calls on governments to create the economies we need today.
Mazzucato’s challenge leads off a debate on the revival of Industrial policy—roughly defined as deliberate government action to re(shape) the economy. Industrial policy has fallen out of favor in recent decades as economists defer to free markets to produce innovation and growth. Yet today thinkers across the political spectrum have begun expressing new interest in industrial policy as a way to address the most serious problems of our times: from national security and climate change, to the market’s underfunding of public goods, to sluggish economic growth and labor market dysfunction.
Together, contributors make a compelling case for industrial policy—what it is, and why we need it now. Addressing investment, innovation, supply chains, and growth, they offer a robust vision of a renewed industrial policy, and what it can offer the US economy in the face of climate change and a global pandemic.
Se volete un futuro migliore, un futuro in cui ci sia benessere condiviso universalmente, servizi pubblici eccellenti e una soluzione per la crisi climatica, dovete leggere questo libro.
"The Guardian"
Mariana Mazzucato ci offre qualcosa che riesce a essere al contempo raro e universale: una nuova trascinante visione su come creare un futuro desiderabile.
The New York Times
Smettiamo di chiederci quanti soldi abbiamo e cosa possiamo farne e iniziamo invece a domandarci di cosa abbiamo bisogno per soddisfare le nostre esigenze. Èquesta la rivoluzione. Èquesta la strada maestra per rispondere ai grandi problemi del nostro tempo, dal riscaldamento globale alle pandemie, dallo sviluppo sostenibile alla lotta alle disuguaglianze.
Vi ricordate cosa accadde il 12 settembre 1962? John F. Kennedy annunciava al mondo che gli Stati Uniti si prefiggevano un obiettivo straordinario: arrivare sulla Luna. La storia ci dice il resto: la missione Apollo 11 venne realizzata e l'allunaggio avvenne sette anni dopo. Per raggiungere questo traguardo fu necessario mettere in campo nuove forme di collaborazione tra il settore pubblico (la Nasa) e quello privato, insieme a investimenti di portata straordinaria. Cosa accadrebbe, si domanda Mariana Mazzucato, se la stessa audacia fosse impiegata per affrontare i più gravi e complessi problemi del nostro tempo, dai cambiamenti climatici alle epidemie, dal digital divide alle disuguaglianze crescenti? Sono problemi enormi, impermeabili a soluzioni semplici, che possiamo risolvere solo affrontandoli in maniera radicalmente nuova. Nel concreto questo significa creare nuove forme di partnership tra pubblico e privato; significa ripensare al modo in cui sono strutturati i bilanci statali per orientarli più esplicitamente al lungo periodo; significa investire coraggiosamente su larga scala e utilizzare l'innovazione, fino a ora impiegata solo per generare profitti privati, a fini sociali. Significa, soprattutto, mobilitare le nostre risorse – materiali, intellettuali, finanziarie – in modo audace, prefiggendoci missioni capaci di ispirare e stimolare l'immaginazione. Siamo riusciti a fare tutto questo per arrivare sulla Luna. Oggi possiamo farlo, di nuovo, per raggiungere un obiettivo ancora più ambizioso: migliorare la vita di tutti.
Contre un certain discours de dénigrement de l’action étatique et les politiques d’austérité budgétaire particulièrement prégnantes depuis 2008, Mariana Mazzucato montre que, de l’iPhone à l’industrie pharmaceutique, ce sont souvent les fonds publics qui apportent une stratégie à long terme. Les « innovateurs de génie » sont d’abord des bénéficiaires privilégiés des investissements publics dans la recherche fondamentale et le développement des nouvelles technologies, alors qu’ils réclament toujours plus d’avantages fiscaux et moins de contraintes administratives.
Pour que l’innovation ne soit pas laissée aux seuls acteurs du secteur privé, nous avons besoin de mieux comprendre comment transformer l’État en moteur principal d’une croissance tirée par l’investissement, capable de s’attaquer aux grands défis de notre époque, depuis le changement climatique jusqu’à la santé de demain, en passant par la maîtrise de la révolution numérique.
Ce livre qui repense la vocation du capitalisme moderne a connu un immense retentissement et a déjà fait l’objet de 17 traductions à travers le monde.
Lauréate du Prix Léontieff 2018 pour l’avancement des limites de la pensée économique, Mariana Mazzucato est professeur d’économie de l’innovation et de l’utilité publique à l’University College valorisation des biens publics à l’University College London (UCL), où elle a fondé et dirige l’Institut pour l’Innovation & l’Intérêt général (IIPP). L’État entrepreneur, distingué par plusieurs prix, analyse le rôle critique de l’État dans le pilotage de la croissance. Dans The Value of Everything (2018), elle expose pourquoi et comment c’est la création de valeur qui doit être récompensée plutôt que son extraction. Mariana Mazzucato conseille des responsables politiques dans divers pays sur les questions liées à la croissance inclusive et durable tirée par l’innovation. Elle a remporté en 2019 le Prix Madame de Staël des Académies européennes pour les valeurs culturelles et le Prix John Von Neumann en 2020. En 2019, le magazine Wired l’a nommée dans sa liste des « vingt-cinq penseurs internationaux les plus importants sur la technologie ».
Un sistema economico più innovativo, sostenibile e inclusivo è possibile. Ma richiede cambiamenti radicali della nostra maniera di interpretare e capire il capitalismo e di concepire le politiche pubbliche.
Le economie dei paesi sviluppati devono affrontare problemi profondi e interconnessi: città inquinate, gravi diseguaglianze, marginalizzazione di larghe fasce di popolazione, crescita lenta, un disastroso cambiamento climatico. Per affrontare questi problemi le politiche economiche devono cambiare radicalmente. Il che vuol dire che dobbiamo capire fino in fondo come funziona il sistema capitalista contemporaneo. In questo libro, alcuni tra i massimi economisti a livello internazionale affrontano le questioni chiave dell'economia contemporanea – la politica fiscale e monetaria, il mercato finanziario, la diseguaglianza, le privatizzazioni, l'innovazione e il cambiamento climatico. Con una convinzione: il capitalismo deve essere riformato e reinterpretato per evitare i fallimenti che tuttora abbiamo davanti agli occhi.
Abbiamo un bisogno disperato di nuovi modi di pensare e concepire le politiche economiche: questo libro affronta i nostri preconcetti, sfida i nostri mostri sacri e offre finalmente idee nuove e provocatorie.
"Financial Times"